fix(agents): offload UploadsMiddleware uploads scan off the event loop

backend/CLAUDE.md

@@ -126,8 +126,10 @@ Blocking-IO runtime gate (`tests/blocking_io/`):
   `asyncio.to_thread` offload around `LocalSkillStorage.load_skills`, fix
   for #1917); `test_sqlite_lifespan.py` (locks the offload around
   SQLite path resolution plus `ensure_sqlite_parent_dir`, fix for #1912);
-  and `test_jsonl_run_event_store.py` (locks `JsonlRunEventStore`'s async
-  API offloading its file IO via `asyncio.to_thread`, fix #3084).
+  `test_jsonl_run_event_store.py` (locks `JsonlRunEventStore`'s async
+  API offloading its file IO via `asyncio.to_thread`, fix #3084); and
+  `test_uploads_middleware.py` (locks `UploadsMiddleware.abefore_agent`
+  offloading the uploads-directory scan off the event loop).
 - `test_gate_smoke.py` is a meta-test asserting the gate actually catches
   unoffloaded blocking IO and that the `@pytest.mark.allow_blocking_io`
   opt-out works.

backend/docs/BLOCKING_IO_DETECTION.md

@@ -144,6 +144,9 @@ The runtime anchors protect confirmed blocking-IO bug shapes:
   (fix #3084); this anchor drives the real async API under the gate so any
   blocking IO reintroduced on the loop fails, not only removal of one
   `to_thread` call.
+- `UploadsMiddleware.before_agent` uploads-directory scan: a sync-only middleware
+  hook runs on the event loop under async graph execution, so the scan is
+  offloaded via `abefore_agent` + `run_in_executor`.
 - Gate health checks: Blockbuster catches unoffloaded calls, opt-out works, and
   patches are restored after exceptions.
 

backend/packages/harness/deerflow/agents/middlewares/uploads_middleware.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from langchain.agents import AgentState
 from langchain.agents.middleware import AgentMiddleware
 from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
+from langchain_core.runnables import run_in_executor
 from langgraph.runtime import Runtime
 
 from deerflow.config.paths import Paths, get_paths
@@ -293,3 +294,16 @@ def before_agent(self, state: UploadsMiddlewareState, runtime: Runtime) -> dict
             "uploaded_files": new_files,
             "messages": messages,
         }
+
+    @override
+    async def abefore_agent(self, state: UploadsMiddlewareState, runtime: Runtime) -> dict | None:
+        """Async hook that offloads the synchronous uploads scan off the event loop.
+
+        ``before_agent`` performs blocking filesystem IO (directory enumeration,
+        ``stat``, reading sibling ``.md`` outlines). When the graph runs async,
+        langgraph would otherwise execute the sync hook directly on the event
+        loop, so it is dispatched to a worker thread via ``run_in_executor``.
+        ``run_in_executor`` copies the current context, so the ``user_id``
+        contextvar read by ``get_effective_user_id()`` is preserved.
+        """
+        return await run_in_executor(None, self.before_agent, state, runtime)

backend/tests/blocking_io/test_uploads_middleware.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""Regression anchor: UploadsMiddleware must not block the event loop.
+
+``before_agent`` scans the thread uploads directory (``exists`` / ``iterdir`` /
+``stat`` plus reading sibling ``.md`` outlines). LangChain wires a sync-only
+``before_agent`` as ``RunnableCallable(before_agent, None)``; langgraph's
+``ainvoke`` runs it directly on the event loop when ``afunc is None``. So the
+filesystem scan must be offloaded (the middleware provides ``abefore_agent``).
+
+This anchor drives the real ``create_agent`` graph via ``ainvoke`` under the
+strict Blockbuster gate. If the scan regresses back onto the event loop,
+Blockbuster raises ``BlockingError`` and this test fails.
+
+The graph/middleware construction is offloaded with ``asyncio.to_thread`` only
+because ``Paths.__init__`` resolves paths synchronously; the surface under test
+(``before_agent``'s directory scan) is exercised on the event loop, not
+bypassed.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from langchain_core.language_models.fake_chat_models import FakeMessagesListChatModel
+from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage, HumanMessage
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.asyncio
+
+
+class _FakeModel(FakeMessagesListChatModel):
+    """FakeMessagesListChatModel with a no-op ``bind_tools`` for create_agent."""
+
+    def bind_tools(self, tools, **kwargs):  # type: ignore[override]
+        return self
+
+
+async def test_before_agent_uploads_scan_does_not_block_event_loop(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    from langchain.agents import create_agent
+
+    from deerflow.agents.middlewares.uploads_middleware import UploadsMiddleware
+    from deerflow.runtime.user_context import get_effective_user_id
+
+    mw = await asyncio.to_thread(UploadsMiddleware, str(tmp_path))
+    uploads_dir = await asyncio.to_thread(mw._paths.sandbox_uploads_dir, "t1", user_id=get_effective_user_id())
+    uploads_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)  # test-side seeding (not in scanned_modules)
+    (uploads_dir / "existing.txt").write_text("hello", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    agent = await asyncio.to_thread(lambda: create_agent(model=_FakeModel(responses=[AIMessage(content="ok")]), tools=[], middleware=[mw]))
+
+    result = await agent.ainvoke(
+        {"messages": [HumanMessage(content="hi")]},
+        {"configurable": {"thread_id": "t1"}},
+    )
+
+    assert result["messages"]